The first Delhi History Congress, held in February 2024, was organized by The History Collective to provide a platform for historians to engage with each other’s research. During the conference, a number of historians shared their contributions to the body of rich and diverse historiographical traditions. The papers collected here in History and Historiography in Contemporary India are a selection of those presented at the conference. They are arranged in four thematic groups—History of Gender and Sexuality, Business History, History of Science and Technology, and the History of Architecture—and span a range of periods, places, and approaches. They present rich and original research in areas of historical inquiry that have widened the ambit of the discipline. The subjects discussed here examine the questions and methodological premises that historians are grappling with in their efforts to respond to the historical questions of our time.